Cov qauv thiab cov haujlwm ntawm cov hnab ev ntawv txheej thaum ub: Kev ua haujlwm tseem ceeb keeb kwm los ntawm Nile mus rau Andes
Jun 17, 2025
Tso lus
Cov qauv thiab cov haujlwm ntawm cov hnab ev ntawv txheej thaum ub: Kev ua haujlwm tseem ceeb keeb kwm los ntawm Nile mus rau Andes
Cov Nylon Fabrics thiab cov khoom siv sib nqus ntawm cov khoom siv thoob plaws hauv av, tab sis thaum muaj cov tawv nqaij sib txawv, tab sis hauv cov tawv nqaij sib txawv, cov tsiaj txhu tsiaj, thiab Rattan. Los ntawm cov av nplaum ntim ntawm Mesopotamia mus rau Llama Wool Rucksacks ntawm Incharoasological chaw thiab cov ntaub ntawv tsuas yog ua cov txheej txheem kev coj noj coj ua.
I.Accept kev txawj ntse ntawm nile: egypt thaum ub thiab Mesopotamia
Hauv tebchaws Iziv thaum ub uas Papyrus yug los, Mural nyob rau hauv Saqqara lub qhov ntxa nyob ib ncig ntawm 2600 BC tau pom tias muaj embryonic daim ntawv ntawm "ntaub hnab ntaub" - zoo li lub hnab ev ntawv Lub hnab linen (txog 1330 BC) nrhiav pom hauv Tutankhamun lub qhov ntxa yog siv los ntawm Reed Poles thiab lub xub pwg Straps los ntawm Palm Fibers. Cov roj nplej uas tseem tshuav nyob sab hauv tau lees paub txog kev cai kev cai hauv phau ntawv uas "cov neeg taug kev yuav tsum nqa peb hnub". Lub hnab ev ntawv siv los ntawm cov nobles tau zoo dua. Cov xim ntoo ntoo (1500 BC) unearthed nyob rau hauv cov thebes muaj nws lub cev inlaid thiab tau muab faib ua cov tshuaj pleev ib ce thiab faib ua cov tshuaj txhuam hniav thaum ub ".
Cov Stererians hauv Mesopotamia tsim cov hnab ev khoom tsis zoo. Lub hnab Asphalt - coated tawv hnab unarthed los ntawm Royal Gremerery ntawm koj (thiab nws lub qhov ncauj thauj khoom nrog cov roj cunleife nrog cov roj colated nrog cov hnab av nplaum nrog cov hnab tawv me me ". Cov tshuaj lim dej no tau tom qab cov Persians tau sau ua "ob chav - hnab tawv tawv" siv rau kev lag luam ntev - kev lag luam tawv. Lub pob zeb diamond - cov hnab tawv tawv nqa los ntawm Persian cov neeg xa xov liaison yog pom meej nyob rau hauv kev nyem ntawm cov ntawv sau.
Ii. Portable tswv yim ntawm Meditererranean Civilizations: Ancient Tim Nkij teb chaws thiab Rome
Lub Greek thaum ub ua ke nrog cov backpacks nrog heroic epics. Tus "Cowhide nra" ntawm Odysseus tau piav qhia nyob rau hauv Odyssey yog xaws nrog tag nrho cov cowhide, thiab nws cov npoo yuav ua kom nruj nrog cov hlua, uas tuaj yeem tuav tau xya hnub cov khoom thiab cov cuab yeej ntsuas thiab cov cuab yeej ntsuas. Cov lauj kaub tais diav (5th caug xyoo BC) unearthed los ntawm Athenian Acropolis qhia tias cov neeg taug kev lub hnab ntaub phob phuav, uas yog conforms rau ergonomic tsim. Lub "lub hnab pw tsaug zog" ntawm cov kws txawj ntse yog ntau lub hnab ntim khoom siv tau thaum nruab hnub thiab siv ib lub cim ntawm cynicism.
Lub hnab ev khoom (sarcina) ntawm Roman legion yog tus qauv ntawm cov tub rog engineering. Raws li Virgil's Aeneid, cov hnab tub rog tawv tau muab faib ua ob txheej (li ntawm 15 kilo tau dai rau ob sab. Cov tawv tawv tawv unearthed los ntawm lub nroog thaum ub ntawm Pompeii qhia tias lub xub pwg pob zeb yog xaws, thiab tom qab muaj ib daim av tiv thaiv kom tawg qhov hnyav. Cov qauv no yog ze li 2000 xyoo dhau los tshaj li niaj hnub niaj hnub garnsering rucksack. Cov "lub hnab ev khoom lag luam" siv los ntawm cov neeg pej xeem feem ntau yog Rattan Baskets. Nyob rau hauv murals ntawm Roman rooj sab laj, cov neeg muag khoom nqa Rattan pob tawb rau ntawm lawv lub taub hau thiab cov hnab ntaub ntawm lawv lub xub pwg nyom ".
III. Kev tshawb nrhiav ntau yam ntawm Neeg Esxias cov neeg coob coob: Tuam Tshoj, Is Nrias teb, thiab Persia
Cov evolution ntawm Suav lub hnab ev ntawv tau piav qhia nyob rau hauv kev nthuav dav saum toj no. Nyob rau hauv Indian subcontinent tib lub sijhawm, "BRAHMA lub hnab" (txog lub hnab ntim qoob loo sib xyaw, nrog cov qauv ntawm yim cov khoom lag luam, siv tau los nqa Vedic cov vaj lug kub. Lub xab npum uas raug kaw los ntawm Indus Valley Tebchaws (2500 BC) yog engraved nrog cov tub lag luam nqa ob lub hnab ev khoom. Lub hnab ntim yog cylindrical, thiab lub xub pwg straps cross nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej ntawm lub hauv siab, uas yog zoo ib yam li pluaj lub hauv siab tsim ntawm niaj hnub cov niaj hnub garsacking rucksack. Tom qab Buddhism tau qhia, "cov ntawv" siv cov ntaub ntawv tsis txaus ntseeg ntawm cov vaj lug kub WAX sab nraud "
Lub hnab ev ntawv "ntawm Backian lub hnab ev lus" ntawm Persian faj tim teb chaws ntawm tus ntoo khaub lig - kev vam meej kev sib sau ua ke. Nyob rau hauv lub mural of sogdian caravan (6 xyoo pua) unearthed ntawm lub nroog ntoo, uas yog cov khoom siv tawv me me "uas yog siv rau kev thauj caj dab thaum tawv nqaij. Tus qauv tsim no tau txais los ntawm Mongol faj tim teb chaws thiab tsim mus rau hauv "lub hnab nees nees". Marco Polo piav qhia nyob rau hauv nws cov lus sau tseg tias nws "tuav hauv ncoo thaum ntsib tus yeeb ncuab thaum ntsib cov yeeb ncuab thaum ntsib cov yeeb ncuab thaum ntsib cov yeeb ncuab thaum ntsib cov yeeb ncuab hauv ntiaj teb.
IV. Cov tsim kev tsim kho hauv lub teb chaws Asmeskas: Indian thiab Inca Civilizations
Hauv North America, tus mos lwj "sawv ntxov lub hnub qub) (16th lub cev yog cov kab ke zoo nkauj, thiab sab hauv tau muab faib rau cov tawv nqaij uas muaj rocki, thiab sab hauv Archaeological tshawb pom qhia tias no rucksack tuaj yeem nqa lub nra txog 20 kilograms, haum rau lub caij ntuj no yos hav zoov. Cov neeg pueblo nyob rau sab qab teb yexus nyob "- ib lub hnab ev khoom" - ib lub hnab ntim mesh "- ib lub hnab ntim mesh, uas muaj huab cua zoo nyob ntawm pob kws, uas tau tiv thaiv cov nplej los ntawm cov pob txha mildewing. Nws tseem siv nyob rau qee pab pawg niaj hnub no.
Llama Wool Rucksack (15th caug xyoo) ntawm Inca faj tim teb hauv South America yog qhov siab - qhov siab xav tau txuj ci tseem ceeb. Lub pob zeb diamond - puab lub hnab woven unearthed los ntawm Machu Picchu cov plaub hau thiab cov plaub hau sib dhos ntawm 120 ib square centimeter, uas yog dej tsis txaus thiab hnav - resistant. Lub hnab ntim tau muab faib ua peb ntu: Qhib hnab tshos rau sab saum toj los ntawm cov khoom noj khoom haus thiab xiav rau cov tshuaj noj rau cov nyiaj kub thiab nyiaj ornaments. Lub xub pwg pluaj tau tsim nyob rau hauv "Y" puab, haum rau taug kev ntawm cov av ntxhab ntawm cov andes. Hauv ICA lus, lub rucksack hu ua "Chuspa", thiab cov tub ceev xwm sau tseg tias nws yog "ntau ruaj dua li cov hlau thiab softer dua".
V. Medieval Europe: Dual Impressions ntawm kev ntseeg thiab kev ua lag luam
Lub "plhaub hnab ev khoom" ntawm Medieval pilgrim tau los ua ib lub cim kev cai. Lub hnab tawv tawv (lub xyoo pua 12) pom ntawm Santiago Pilgrimage Txoj Kev muaj cov ntawv sau tseg rau cov vaj lug kub, xws li cov ntawv sau tseg rau cov vaj lug kub, thiab tsa kuv lub qhov muag mus rau pem roob ". Lub hnab ntim dej ntawm lub hnab ev ntawv no los ntawm lub hnab tawv nqaij (9th caug xyoo) uas tuaj yeem tiv thaiv parchment cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm cov nag los nag.
Kev tshawb nrhiav kev lag luam tau yug rau cov Italian "Banker hnab ev khoom". Lub sijhawm 14 - Xyoo Tshiab Florence qhia tias tus thawj coj nyiaj txiag uas tau muab faib rau cov ntawv xov xwm Walret Lub hnab ntim khoom ntaub ntawm Venetian cov tub lag luam tau nruab nrog "nautical tshwj xeeb compartments", qhov twg cov kaaves, asax sealing cuab yeej, thiab lwm yam muaj lawv cov chaw. Qhov no cov qauv tsim no tau cuam tshuam tom qab nautical khoom siv.
Cov ntsiab lus nyob mus ib txhis hauv kev sib koom tes kev sib koom tes: Portasility thiab hloov tau
Los ntawm cov neeg Iyiv lub hnab rau Inca llama hnab, kev hloov kho ntawm cov hnab ev khoom qub (chaw yos hav zoov) thiab kev ua lag luam, kev ntseeg, txhua tus muaj nws tus kheej). Txawm hais tias lub hnab ev ntawv ntawm kev sib txawv ntawm cov neeg sib txawv, lawv qhia txog kev nrhiav lub zog "- cov khoom siv txhawb nqa lub cav Iziv hauv lub nroog Ega yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua haujlwm thaum ntxov uro
Cov ntaub ntawv qub qub tawg hauv tsev khaws puav pheej tsis yog ua pov thawj tias muaj qhov tseeb: Kev tsim kho ntawm kev xav txog kev xav "yuav ua li cas zoo nqa cov kev xav tau". Thaum peb marvel ntawm cov khoom siv sib nqus lossis hnub ci them rau cov khoom thauj khoom niaj hnub -